Tetralogy of Fallot
1.Right ventricular outflow obstruction. Typically multi-level: small, malformed pulmonic valve, hypoplastic proximal pulmonary artery, and muscular narrowing below the valve .
2. Right ventricular hypertrophy (thickened muscle wall) secondary to higher pressure load on this chamber.
- 3.The aorta "overrides" the VSD.
- 4.Ventricular septal defect. With significant obstruction in the right ventricular outflow tract, blood will shunt from right to left, bypassing the lungs and leading to cyanosis .
- 5.Muscular right ventricular outflow obstruction has been cut away as part of the repair.
- 6.Patch closure of the VSD.
- 7.Right ventricular outflow patch to address all levels of obstruction.
NORMAL |
TETRALOGY OF FALLOT |
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