BRIEFING - ΔΙΑΤΡΟΦΗ ΚΑΙ ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΠΑΧΕΟΣ ΕΝΤΕΡΟΥ - High Red Meat Intake and Cancer -BRIEFING

ΔΙΑΤΡΟΦΗ ΚΑΙ ΚΑΡΚΙΝΟΣ ΠΑΧΕΟΣ ΕΝΤΕΡΟΥ

Η άφθονη κατανάλωση κόκκινου κρέατος και ειδικά επεξεργασμένων προϊόντων κρέατος, αυξάνει τον κίνδυνο καρκίνου του εντέρου. Ο καρκίνος αυτός είναι πιο συχνός σε παχύσαρκους άνδρες και (κατά περίεργο τρόπο) σε αδύνατες γυναίκες. 

Οι ειδικοί, για μια ακόμη φορά συνιστούν να περιλαμβάνονται στη διατροφή πολλά πράσινα λαχανικά, καφές και τσάϊ και φυσικά όσο λιγότερο κρέας γίνεται.

Κατά παράδοξο τρόπο, ενώ είναι γνωστή η συσχέτιση του καρκίνου αυτού με την κατανάλωση αλκοόλ, στη συγκεκριμένη μελέτη δεν βρέθηκε τέτοια συσχέτιση.

High Red Meat Intake and Cancer

 Red meat includes beef, veal, lamb, pork, and mutton.¹ Processed meat is treated with a cure and/or is smoked, and may have chemical additives to prolong its shelf life and/or enhance flavor; these meats include sausage, bacon, ham, and some deli meats. Though red meat contains important nutrients such as essential amino acids, vitamin B12, iron, and zinc, it is associated with an increased risk of some cancers in epidemiologic studies.

 The International Agency for Research on Cancer (WHO-IARC) classified red meat and processed meat as probably carcinogenic and carcinogenic for humans, respectively. These conclusions were mainly based on studies concerning colorectal cancer, but scientific evidence is still limited for other cancer locations. In this study, we investigated the prospective associations between red and processed meat intakes and overall, breast, and prostate cancer risk. This prospective study included 61,476 men and women of the French NutriNet-Santé cohort (2009-2015) aged ≥35 y and who completed at least three 24 hrs dietary records during the first year of follow-up. The risk of developing cancer was compared across sex-specific quintiles of red and processed meat intakes by multivariable Cox models. 1,609 first primary incident cancer cases were diagnosed during follow-up, among which 544 breast cancers and 222 prostate cancers. Red meat intake was associated with increased risk of overall cancers and breast cancer .    ........ No association was observed between red meat intake and prostate cancer risk. ..........This large cohort study suggested that red meat may be involved carcinogenesis at several cancer locations (other than colon-rectum), in particular breast cancer. These results are consistent with mechanistic evidence from experimental studies.